Akamaro ko Kwandika mu Gucuruza

Kwamamaza ibicuruzwa ni sisitemu ihuza ibicuruzwa kubakiriya, ibigega kubarura, hamwe nububiko muburyo bwemewe n'amategeko bakorera imbere. Iyo ikora, ntawe ubibona. Iyo bitabaye, ingaruka zigaragara vuba. Aka gatabo karimo ibyo kugurisha ibicuruzwa birimo, aho ingaruka zubucuruzi zishobora kuba, nuburyo bwo guhitamo niba inzira yawe ikora.

Ikirango cyo gucuruza ni iki?

Gucuruza ibirango ni imyitozo yo guhuza ibimenyetso biranga ibicuruzwa, amasahani, hamwe nububiko mububiko. Ikirango gishobora kuba kirimo izina ryibicuruzwa, igiciro, kode, nimero yicyiciro, imenyekanisha rya allergen, amabwiriza yo kwita, cyangwa igihugu ukomokamo - bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa n'amategeko abigenga.

Birakwiye ko dusobanura neza urugero. Kwamamaza ibicuruzwa ntibireba gusa ibiciro. Ikubiyemo ingingo zose aho amakuru anyura hagati yububiko nu mukiriya, cyangwa hagati yububiko bwibintu na sisitemu ikurikirana. Ikirango - ikirango kiyobora umuguzi kubicuruzwa byiza hamwe na label yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango umutekano wibiribwa byombi bigizwe na sisitemu imwe - kandi gutsindwa muri kimwe bitera ikibazo gitandukanye.

Ubwoko bwibicuruzwa bicuruzwa: Imikorere nuburyo

Ibirango byinshi bisenyuka bibaho kuko abadandaza bafata ibirango byose nkikibazo kimwe. Ntabwo aribyo. Ibirango bitandukanye nakazi bakora nicyo bakoze, kandi guhitamo imiterere itari yo mumikorere nisoko rusange yikiguzi gishobora kwirindwa.

Imikorere

• Ibirango byibicuruzwa- yometse kubintu, bitwaje izina ryibicuruzwa, ikirango, SKU, amabwiriza yo gukoresha, hamwe nimpamyabushobozi isabwa. Nibirango abakiriya basuzuma neza mbere yo kugura.
• Ibirango by'ibiciro- kwerekana igiciro cyo kugurisha hamwe no kuzamura ibikorwa byose. Mu masoko menshi, kwerekana igiciro gisobanutse kandi nyacyo ninshingano zemewe, ntabwo ari imyitozo myiza. Amakosa hano aremakubahiriza ibibazo byabakiriyaicyarimwe.
• Ibirango bya Shelf- yashyizwe ku gipangu kugira ngo imenye ibibitswe aho hantu. Bakorera abaguzi bayobora iduka n'abakozi bakomeza gahunda ya gahunda.
• Ibirango byo gupakira.
• Ibirango byubahirizwa- byateganijwe n'amabwiriza agenga ibicuruzwa byihariye. Ibi birimo intungamubiri, imenyekanisha rya allerge, nibimenyetso bya hazard. Kubura cyangwa kutubahiriza ibirango bitwara ibyago byinshi byo guhanwa.

Nibikoresho nikoranabuhanga

• Ibirango by'impapuro- igiciro cyo hejuru cyambere, gikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwinshi bwo kugurisha. Saba gusimbuza intoki mugihe amakuru ahindutse no gutesha agaciro mubushuhe - ibidukikije biremereye.
• Ibirango bya plastiki- biramba kuruta impapuro kandi bibereye ibice bikonjesha, kwerekana hanze, cyangwa ahantu - ahantu nyabagendwa. Biracyasaba kuvugurura intoki.
• Ibirango bya elegitoronike (ESLs)- imibare yerekana ivugurura bidasubirwaho kuva muri sisitemu yo hagati. Ishoramari ryo hejuru, ariko rikuraho gusubiramo intoki no kugabanya amakosa yibiciro. Byakiriwe cyane mubiribwa, farumasi, no kugurisha -.

Inyungu zo Kwamamaza

Kwandika bikora ibintu bine kubucuruzi bwo gucuruza, kandi buri kimwe gifite ingaruka zubucuruzi butaziguye niba binaniwe.

Uburambe bwabakiriya.Abaguzi bashingira ibyemezo byo kugura amakuru yamakuru. Iyo ibirango byabuze, bidasobanutse, cyangwa bidahuye nigiciro cyo kugenzura, kwizerana birashira. Ibirango nyabyo - cyane cyane ayo makuru ya allergen cyangwa kugereranya ibicuruzwa neza - nabyo bigabanya post - ibyaguzwe nibirego.

Imikorere myiza.Ibirango ni ihuriro ryibicuruzwa bifatika na sisitemu yo kubara ibakurikirana. Ikintu cyanditse neza cyangwa RFID - ikintu cyashizweho kirashobora gukurikiranwa kuva wakiriye dock ukagurisha. Bitabaye ibyo, ibarura ryabaye ridahinduka kwizerwa, reorder itera umuriro, kandi abakozi bamara igihe bahuza ibitandukanye aho gukorera abakiriya. Mugihe kinini - ibidukikije byihuta nkibiribwa cyangwa ibicuruzwa byoroshye, bikomeza nezaibirango bya tekinike mubihumbi SKUsintoki ni umutwaro w'akazi.

Kubahiriza amategeko.Ukurikije isoko ryanyu nicyiciro cyibicuruzwa, hari ibisabwa kubahiriza amategeko agenga amakuru agomba kugaragara kuri label, muburyo ki, nururimi ki. Kutubahiriza - kubahiriza ntabwo ari ibyago bizwi - birashobora gusobanura amande agenga ibicuruzwa, kwibuka ibicuruzwa, cyangwa kurutonde.

Kwirinda igihombo.Ibirango bifite umutekano - tamper - kashe igaragara, ibimenyetso bya RFID, cyangwa kode ya barcode - bigira uruhare mu kugabanya kugabanuka no gushyigikira ibicuruzwa byibukwa mugushoboza ibintu - urwego rukurikirana.

Gucuruza ibirango byubahirizwa: Ibyo amategeko asaba mubyukuri

Aka ni agace abantu benshi bayobora ibicuruzwa basimbuka hejuru. Ibirango bisabwa mububiko bwawe biterwa nisoko ryawe nicyiciro cyibicuruzwa - ningaruka zo kubibeshya biratandukanye.

Gucuruza ibiribwa (EU)

MunsiAmabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi No 1169/2011(EU FIC), ibiribwa bigurishwa mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bigomba gushyiramo ibi bikurikira kuri label yabo:

• Izina ryibiryo
• Urutonde rwibigize
• Allergens - yagaragaye murutonde rwibigize (mubisanzwe ushize amanga cyangwa ibara ritandukanye, ntabwo ryashyizwe ku rutonde)
• Umubare wuzuye
• Itariki ntarengwa yo kuramba cyangwa gukoresha - kumunsi
• Imiterere yububiko na / cyangwa uburyo bwo gukoresha
• Izina na aderesi yubucuruzi bwibiribwa
• Igihugu cyaturutse cyangwa ahantu hagaragaye (ku byiciro bimwe birimo inyama nshya, ubuki, amavuta ya elayo, n'imbuto n'imboga bidatunganijwe)
• Kumenyekanisha imirire

Allergen yerekana ibisabwa ni aho abadandaza ibiribwa ba EU bakunze kugabanuka. Gutondeka allergens ukwayo ntibihagije - bigomba kuba bigaragara muburyo bwurutonde rwibigize ubwabyo.

Gucuruza ibiryo (US)

UwitekaIbiribwa bya FDA ibisabwategeka akanama gashinzwe imirire, urutonde rwibigize, imenyekanisha rya allerge munsi y’ibiribwa bya Allergen hamwe no Kurengera Abaguzi (FALCPA), hamwe n’umutungo wuzuye. Ibisabwa biratandukanye gato hagati yibiribwa bisanzwe hamwe ninyongera zimirire.

Gutanga Urunigi na Non - Gucuruza ibiryo

Ibipimo bya GS1kuri barcode no guhinduranya amakuru ntabwo byemewe n'amategeko mumasoko menshi, ariko nibisanzwe: abadandaza benshi bakomeye basaba GS1 - ibirango byujuje kubatanga isoko, kandi urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rwinshi rubashyira mubikorwa kugirango babone urutonde. Kugurisha imideli, ibirango bya fibre hamwe nibisabwa byitaweho biratandukanye bitewe nibihugu ariko byemewe n'amategeko muri EU na Amerika.

Icyitonderwa: Ibyavuzwe haruguru ni urwego rusange rusanzwe, ntabwo ari inama zemewe. Kugenzura ibisabwa byihariye bikurikizwa kubicuruzwa byawe hamwe nisoko rigamije hamwe ninzego zibishinzwe cyangwa inzobere mu kubahiriza.

Ikirango nu Murenge Ucuruza: Aho Ibisabwa Bitandukana

Ibyingenzi bifatika byihutirwa biratandukanye cyane mubyiciro byo kugurisha.

Ibiribwa hamwe no gucuruza ibiryoihura nuburyo bugoye bwo kubahiriza imiterere n umuvuduko mwinshi wibiciro no kuzamura impinduka. Gukomatanya bigira umushoferi wibanze waibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoherejwe- ntabwo kuberako ibirango byimpapuro bidashobora gutwara amakuru yukuri, ariko kuberako kubikomeza neza mubipimo biba bidashoboka.

Imyambarire n'imyambarirebisaba ibirango byitaweho (gukaraba, byumye, ibimenyetso byicyuma), imenyekanisha rya fibre, ibimenyetso byerekana ingano, nigihugu cyakorewe. RFID ikoreshwa cyane muriki gice kugirango ibaze neza kandi igushoboze - kugenzura ahantu harehare - SKU.

Ubuzima, ubwiza, na farumasibisaba imenyekanisha ryibikoresho ukoresheje izina rya INCI (muri EU), itariki izarangiriraho, kode yicyiciro kugirango ikurikirane, hamwe no kuburira imikoreshereze. Kurenga - imiti ya - imiti isaba akanama gashinzwe ibiyobyabwenge. Uru rwego rwabonye uburyo bukomeye bwa NFC - ibirango bifasha abakiriya kubona amakuru yagutse y'ibicuruzwa binyuze kuri terefone yabo - cyane cyane ko gukorera mu mucyo bihinduka ikintu cyo kugura.

Impapuro na elegitoroniki ya Shelf Ibirango: Kugereranya bifatika

Guhitamo hagati yimpapuro naibirango bya elegitoronikintabwo arikibazo cyikoranabuhanga - nikibazo cyibikorwa. Igisubizo cyukuri giterwa ninshuro ibiciro byawe bihinduka, umubare SKU utwara, nigiciro cyakazi cyawe.

ESLs nayo ishoboza ubushobozi impapuro zidashobora guhuza - harimoigiciro cyiza, hitamo - kugeza - urumuri rwo kuzuza ibyateganijwe, na NFC - byakuruye ibicuruzwa kubaguzi. Kububiko bufite kuzamurwa mu ntera cyangwa kubara SKU nyinshi, kuzigama abakozi kubikorwa bishya byonyine byerekana ishingiro ryishoramari. Niba urimo gusuzuma imibare kubikorwa byawe, anKubara ESL ROIirashobora gufasha kwerekana igihe cyo kwishyura ugereranije nububiko bwihariye.

Icyitonderwa kuri protocole y'itumanaho rya ESL: tekinoroji itandukanye idafite aho ihuriye nibidukikije bitandukanye. RF (radiyo yumurongo) itanga amakuru yagutse ahantu hanini; NFC nibyiza kubakiriya - guhangana n'imikoranire; Bluetooth Ntoya ikora neza kubikorwa bito.Sobanukirwa na protocole ihuye nimiterere yububiko bwaweni byiza gukora mbere yo kwiyemeza sisitemu.

Ibirango byimpapuro bikomeza kuba byiza kubacuruzi bato bigenga, amaduka afite ibiciro bihamye, hamwe nibirango bipakira ibicuruzwa byacapwe nababikora aho kuvugururwa mububiko -.

Nigute Wubaka Sisitemu Yizewe yo Kwamamaza

Ibibazo bikunze kugaragaramo ibimenyetso ntabwo ari kunanirwa kwikoranabuhanga - ni kunanirwa inzira. Uburyo bwubatswe bukubiyemo byombi.

Kugenzura mbere yo gushora imari.Genda hasi umenye aho ibirango bikunze kubura, byangiritse, cyangwa bidahuye nigiciro cya cheque. Ni hehe amakimbirane y'ibiciro abera kenshi? Ni ibihe bice bisaba abakozi benshi kubungabunga? Ubugenzuzi bukubwira aho ikibazo cyawe kiri mbere yuko uhitamo igisubizo.

Shushanya ikarita yawe.Mbere yo guhitamo imiterere yikirango cyangwa ikoranabuhanga, shiraho amakuru buri bwoko bwikirango bwemewe n'amategeko agomba gutwara kubicuruzwa byawe nibisoko. Ibi nibyingenzi cyane niba wagutse mubyiciro bishya - buri rugendo rushobora gukurura ibisabwa utigeze ukora mbere. Kubaka inyandiko isabwa ikubiyemo amategeko yemewe nibikenewe mubikorwa.

Huza tekinoroji kubikorwa, ntabwo arubundi buryo.Niba ibiciro byawe bihindutse kabiri mumwaka kandi witwaje SKU 200, ibirango byimpapuro birashoboka. Niba ukoresha promotion ya buri cyumweru hejuru ya 5.000 SKU ahantu henshi,gusobanukirwa uburyo ESL ikorani ishoramari rikwiye ryigihe. Suzuma igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite, ntabwo igiciro cyibikoresho gusa. Kubishyira mubikorwa byihariye,uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho ESLsbirasobanutse neza kuruta abadandaza benshi babitekereza.

Kwinjiza hamwe na sisitemu zisanzweho.Sisitemu ya label idahujwe na POS cyangwa ERP izakora imirimo myinshi, ntabwo ari munsi. Guhindura ibiciro, kuzamurwa mu ntera, no kuvugurura ibicuruzwa bigomba guhita biva mu isoko yukuri kugera kumpera. Sisitemu zaciwe nizo mpamvu nyamukuru yo gutunga - ibiciro bitandukanye kuri cheque.

Kubaka kubungabunga muri kalendari yawe y'ibikorwa.Ibirango ntabwo arimwe - igihe cyagenwe. Ibicuruzwa byimuka, ibiciro bihinduka, kuzamurwa kurangira, hamwe no kuvugurura amabwiriza. Igenzura rya buri gihembwe igenzura - kugenzura ibirango byangiritse, byabuze, cyangwa bishaje mugihe kinini - ibyiciro byibyago - bifata ibibazo mbere yuko bigera kubakiriya cyangwa kubagenzuzi. Shinga nyirubwite asobanutse: umuntu runaka agomba kuba ashinzwe kumenya neza ibimenyetso muri buri shami.

Amakosa Rusange Rusange Igura Abacuruzi

• Gufata ibirango nkuko byashyizweho - na - kwibagirwa.Ikirango cyari gifite ukuri amezi atandatu ashize ntigishobora kuba uyumunsi. Abacuruzi batubaka ubugenzuzi mubikorwa byabo mubisanzwe bavumbura ibirango byamamaza bishaje biracyerekanwa nyuma yicyumweru kirangiye.
• Kureka igiciro cya tekinike hamwe nigiciro cya POS gitandukana.Iki nikibazo cyo kubahiriza hamwe nikibazo cyo kwizerana. Mu nkiko nyinshi, umukiriya yemerewe n'amategeko kugiciro cyo hasi niba hari ikinyuranyo. Sisitemu ihuza ibirango bya tekinike kububiko bwa POS ikuraho iki cyiciro cyamakosa.
• Gukoresha ibirango bitari byo kubidukikije.Ikirango gisanzwe cyanditse mugice cya firigo kizagabanuka mubyumweru. Umucuruzi ugenda yiyongera mubiribwa bishya bitagaragaza ubushuhe - birwanya cyangwa bike - ibirango byubushyuhe kumihanda ikonjesha bizahangana ningaruka byihuse.
• Gupfobya igiciro nyacyo cyibikorwa bya label ivugururwa.Igiciro nyacyo ntabwo ari urupapuro rwikirango - ni amasaha abakozi bamara yo gucapa, gutondeka, no gusimbuza tagi kuri buri gihinduka cyangwa ibiciro byamamaza. Iki giciro kiroroshye kwirengagiza kuko gitangwa mubikorwa byinshi bito aho kugaragara nkumurongo umwe.
• Kureka gusubiramo ibyinjira mugihe winjiye mubyiciro bishya.Umucuruzi ucuruza ibiribwa yongeyeho urwego rwubuzima, cyangwa umucuruzi wimyambarire wongeyeho imyenda yabana, barashobora guhura nibisabwa batigeze bakora mbere. Dufate ko inzira zihari zikurikizwa nimwe mubisanzwe - kandi bihenze - kuranga amakosa.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Niyihe ntego yo kuranga ibicuruzwa?

Kwamamaza ibicuruzwa bikora imirimo ine yibanze: kumenyesha abakiriya kugirango bashobore gufata ibyemezo byubuguzi byizewe; gushoboza ibikorwa byububiko uhuza ibicuruzwa bifatika na sisitemu yo kubara no kugena ibiciro; kuzuza ibisabwa n'amategeko no kubahiriza ibisabwa; no gushyigikira gukumira igihombo binyuze mubicuruzwa bikurikirana.

Kwamamaza ibicuruzwa birasabwa n'amategeko?

Mu masoko menshi, yego - byibuze kumakuru amwe. Ibicuruzwa byibiribwa, imiti, nibicuruzwa byabaguzi bigengwa nibisabwa gutegekwa gutandukana bitewe nibihugu n'ibicuruzwa. Kugaragaza igiciro cyumvikana kandi cyukuri cyo kugurisha nabwo ni itegeko ryemewe mu nkiko nyinshi. Ibisabwa byihariye bivana n’aho ukorera nicyo ugurisha.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yikirango cyibicuruzwa na label ya tekinike?

Ikirango cyibicuruzwa bifatanye kumubiri cyangwa byacapwe kubicuruzwa ubwabyo kandi bigendana nayo binyuze murwego rwo gutanga. Ikirango cya tekinike cyashyizwe kumurongo wububiko kandi kigaragaza ibibitswe aho hantu nigiciro. Ibirango bya Shelf biguma mububiko; ibirango byibicuruzwa gumana nibicuruzwa.

Ni ryari byumvikana guhinduranya impapuro ukajya mubirango bya elegitoroniki?

ESLs itanga agaciro gakomeye aho ibiciro bihinduka kenshi, kuzamurwa mu ntera biragoye, ibiciro byakazi ni byinshi, cyangwa ibiciro byukuri ni umukiriya - ahura nibyingenzi. Iminyururu y'ibiryo, farumasi, hamwe nini - imiterere rusange abadandaza ibicuruzwa nibisanzwe bakora cyane. KumenekaIkiguzi cya ESL ninde wunguka byinshi, ubukungu buratandukanye cyane mubunini bwububiko no kuvugurura inshuro.

Ni ubuhe buryo bw'itumanaho ibirango bya elegitoroniki bikoresha?

Sisitemu nyinshi za ESL zikoresha radiyo yumurongo wa radiyo (RF), Bluetooth Ntoya (BLE), cyangwa hafi ya - itumanaho ryumurima (NFC), bitewe nubunini bwububiko nibikorwa bisabwa. RF niyo ihitamo cyane kubidukikije binini byo kugurisha bitewe nurwego rwayo; NFC yongeraho abaguzi. Sisitemu zimwe zikoresha ikomatanya. Guhitamo bigira ingaruka kubikorwa, kuvugurura umuvuduko, hamwe nubuzima bwa bateri.

Kwandika ni Ibikorwa Remezo

Umucuruzi wese afite sisitemu yo kuranga. Ikibazo ni ukumenya niba ari nkana cyangwa ikusanyirizo ryakazi ntamuntu numwe wasuzumye kumugaragaro.

Abacuruzi bafata ibirango nkibikorwa remezo bikora - ikintu kigomba gutegurwa, kubungabungwa, no kugenzurwa buri gihe - bakunda kugira amakimbirane make y’ibiciro, kutubahiriza amategeko, hamwe n’ibiciro by’umurimo ku ihinduka ry’ibiciro. Ababifata nka admin bakunda kumenya inzira igoye mugihe ubugenzuzi bugenzurwa, amakimbirane yo kugenzura, cyangwa ibicuruzwa byibutse byerekana uburyo sisitemu yoroshye.

Niba utazi neza aho ibikorwa byawe byicaye, intambwe yo kugenzura ni ahantu heza ho gutangirira: genda hasi, shakisha icyuho, hanyuma ukore imbere uva aho. Kubacuruzi basuzuma nibaibirango bya elegitoronikibyumvikane nkigice cyibikorwa remezo, ikoranabuhanga ryarakuze cyane kandi gahunda yo kuyishyira mu bikorwa iragerwaho kuruta uko byari bimeze no mumyaka mike ishize.