Aka gatabo gakora binyuze muri ibyo bibazo bikurikiranye - ibisobanuro, ibyuma, ubwoko bwa terefone, inyungu zanditse, nyabyo - imikoreshereze y’inganda ku isi, hamwe n’urwego rwisuzumabumenyi - bityo ibyemezo byawe byoherejwe bigendeye kubisabwa, ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa byabacuruzi.
Niki Kwigenga - Terminal Service?
Kwikorera - serivisi ya terefone nigikoresho gikora, cyihariye cyemerera abakoresha kurangiza ibikorwa bya serivisi batabigizemo uruhare. Umukoresha akorana na terefone - mubisanzwe akoresheje ecran ya - kugirango ashakishe amahitamo, amakuru yinjiza, ategure ubwishyu, cyangwa yakire ibyasohotse cyangwa byasohotse.
Icyiciro ni kigari nkana. ATM, supermarket yonyine - cheque, kugenzura ikibuga cyindege - muri kiosk, hamwe na sitasiyo yandika ibitaro byose ni -. Ibyo basangiye ni bimwe byumvikana: umukiriya atwara transaction kuva itangiye kugeza irangiye.
Mubice byinshi byubucuruzi,wenyine - serivisi ya serivisinawenyine - serivisi kioskBirahinduka. Niba itandukaniro rya tekiniki rihari rwose, biroroshye:ikibuga cya ndegeikunda gushimangira ibikorwa byubucuruzi (kwishura, kugenzura indangamuntu, kugarura inyandiko), mugiheakabariakenshi bisobanura amakuru yerekana cyangwa gushakisha. Igikoresho kimwe gikora kenshi inshingano zombi, bityo itandukaniro ni gake cyane mubyemezo byo kugura.
Nigute Umuntu - Serivisi ya Terminal ikora
Igicuruzwa cyose gikurikiza kimwe kimwe - intambwe yintambwe utitaye ku nganda cyangwa ubwoko bwa terefone:
- Ikiganiro- itumanaho ryerekana intera ifite amahitamo cyangwa ibisobanuro
- Iyinjiza- umukoresha akora amahitamo, asikana ibintu, yinjiza amakuru, cyangwa kanda binyuze mumahitamo
- Gutunganya- sisitemu yemeza ibyinjijwe kububiko bwuzuye cyangwa amarembo yo kwishyura
- Ibisohoka- itumanaho ritanga ibisubizo: inyemezabwishyu, urupapuro rwinjira, urufunguzo rwicyumba, cyangwa ecran yo kwemeza
Iyo loop ikoreshwa nibikoresho bikomeye hamwe na software. Ibyuma bitanga intera igaragara hamwe na periferiya; porogaramu itegura ibikorwa, ikora umutekano, kandi ihuza inyuma - sisitemu zanyuma mugihe nyacyo. Mubikorwa, ibyuma bisobanurwa hagati yabacuruzi bagereranywa byahindutse cyane -software ihuza ubuziranenge niho gahunda igenda neza cyangwa ikananirwa.
Ubwoko Bwihariye - Serivisi za Serivisi
Gukoresha ibyiciro bitari byo kurwego rwawe mubisanzwe bisobanura kwishyura ibintu utazakoresha cyangwa kubura imikorere ikomeye. Dore ubwoko bwingenzi kandi aho buri wese yinjiza umwanya wukuri:
- ATM- Gukuramo amafaranga, kubaza ibibazo, no gucunga konti. Icyiciro kinini cyoherejwe ubwacyo - serivisi ya serivise kwisi yose, hamwe nibice bigezweho birenze kure gutanga amafaranga kugirango bishyire ahagaragara icapiro hamwe ninguzanyo.
- Kwigenga - Kugenzura Terminal{0}} Gusikana, gupima, igikapu, no kwishyura udafite kashi. Ibisanzwe muminyururu hamwe na farumasi kwisi yose. Ibyago byo kwiba nikibazo cyibanze cyibikorwa; ibikorwa bifatika bihuza kugenzura uburemere hamwe no gukurikirana kamera aho gukora bitagenzuwe neza.
- Tike Kiosk- Kugura cyangwa gukusanya amatike kuri sinema, kuri sitasiyo zitwara abantu, hamwe n’ibirori. Uwitekawenyine - itike ya serivisi kioskImiterere ikora amajwi atagabanije ko nta rutonde rwabakozi rushobora kwinjiza mubukungu.
- Reba - muri Kiosk- Kugenzura indangamuntu no gutambuka cyangwa icyumba cyo gutanga ibyumba. Ibibuga byindege na hoteri nibyo byiganjemo ibikorwa. Kuri hoteri yimbere yimbere byumwihariko ,.wenyine - serivisi yakira kioskyemerera abashyitsi kurenga umurongo burundu no kwakira urufunguzo rwa digitale.
- Gutumiza ibiryo Kiosk- Gushakisha, gutunganya, no kwishyura byihuse - resitora ya serivise hamwe ninkiko zibiribwa. Abakozi benshi ba QSR batangaje ko impuzandengo y'ibiciro byiyongereyeho 15-30% ugereranije no gutumiza ibicuruzwa, biterwa no kugurisha ibicuruzwa no kutagira igitutu cy’imibereho kugirango "bikomeze." Kumurongo wuzuye wo gusenyuka, reba ibyacuresitora wenyine - serivisi ya kiosk.
- Kwiyandikisha mubuzimaCheck 0} Kugabanya amakosa yo kwandukura ni inyandiko yinyungu yinyongera ifite akamaro gakomeye mubuvuzi.
- Serivisi ya LetaPayments 0} Ibyoherejwe bitwara ibikenewe cyane kugirango byuzuzwe ibisabwa.
- Amakuru / Wayfinding Kiosk- Ikarita, ububiko, na lisiti ya serivisi mu bitaro, mu bigo, no mu maduka. Akenshi aho binjirira mumashyirahamwe mashya kwikorera - serivisi yoherejwe kuko ibisabwa byo kwishyira hamwe biroroshye.
Inyungu zanditse
Ingaruka yibikorwa kubucuruzi
Gusubiramo imirimo, ntabwo kugabanya ibiciro gusa.Terminal ikoresha abakoresha benshi icyarimwe - ikintu konte yabakozi isanzwe idashobora. Mubikorwa byinshi byagezweho, ibisubizo ntabwo ari umubare muto ariko abakozi bahindukiriye hejuru - imikoranire yagaciro: kubaza ibibazo, gukemura ibibazo, gucunga umubano.
Impinga - igihe cyo kwinjiza.Gutonda umurongo kuri compte y'abakozi ni umurimo utaziguye w'abakozi. Kohereza ibintu bitanu bigwiza neza ubushobozi bwo gutunganya inshuro eshanu mugihe cyihuta - nta gahunda y'amasaha y'ikirenga cyangwa imbogamizi ziteganijwe.
Ifatwa ryamakuru.Buri mikoreshereze yimikorere itanga amakuru yimikorere ikoreshwa: impinga yo gukoresha Windows, ibyinshi - byatoranijwe, amasomo yataye, igihe cyo kugurisha. Ibi bigaburira ibyemezo byabakozi, gushyira ibicuruzwa, no gutegura igenamigambi.
Hafi ya - - isaha iboneka.Kubikorwa hamwe byongerewe cyangwa 24 - amasaha ya serivisi asabwa, terminal ntisaba ubwishingizi bwimuka cyangwa gutabarwa - inyungu zubatswe kurenza abakozi babakozi.
Ibyo abakoresha bakunda
Ukurikije UwitekaIsoko rya Kiosk 2024 Ubushakashatsi bwabaguzi, benshi mubaguzi b’abanyamerika bavuga ko bafite imyumvire myiza kuri kiosque ya serivisi -, benshi bakavuga ko bahitamo kiosk hejuru ya cheque y'abakozi mugihe bombi bahari. Ibyo ukunda birakomeye cyane mubakoresha munsi yimyaka 45 bakuze hamwe na - serivise ya sisitemu ya interineti nkibiteganijwe mbere - ntabwo ari ubundi buryo.
Kurenga umuvuduko, abakoresha bahora bavuga izindi mpamvu ebyiri zo guhitamo kiosk:ubuzima bwite(abarwayi barangiza gufata ubuzima, abakiriya bakora ibibazo byamafaranga) naUkuri(kwinjiza amakuru yabo aho kugira ngo abakozi bandike amakuru yavuzwe). Kubuzima nubuzima bwimari cyane cyane, iyo ngingo ya kabiri ifite ingaruka zishobora kugabanuka.
Aho Kwikorera - Terminal Serivisi zitanga Agaciro nyako: 6 Inganda
Gucuruza
Kwiyitaho - kugenzura ubu birasanzwe muminyururu y'ibiribwa, farumasi, hamwe n'amaduka yoroshye kwisi yose. Kurenga inzira yo kugenzura, abadandaza boherezakiosquekugenzura ibiciro, aho ibicuruzwa biherereye, hamwe na gahunda yo kwizerwa. Kunanirwa gushyira mubikorwa kunanirwa kugurisha ni ugukoresha ama terefone nta kugenzura bihagije - sisitemu yo kugenzura uburemere no kugenzura kamera ntabwo ari amahitamo kubidukikije byo hejuru -.
Serivisi za Banki & Imari
ATM ikomeje kuba icyiciro kinini cyoherejwe ku isi yose, ariko ama banki agezweho ya banki ubu akubiyemo gucunga konti, gutanga inyandiko, no gufata inguzanyo. Lobby - ibice byoherejwe bikemura ibibazo byinshi - amajwi asanzwe kugirango abakozi bashobore kwibanda kumpanuro -. Imikoreshereze yimari ihura nibisabwa byumutekano murwego rwoherejwe: ibyuma byerekana tamper gutahura, ibanga rya PIN, hamwe na porogaramu isanzwe ntabwo ari - byibanze byibanze byumvikanyweho.
Ubwikorezi
Kugenzura ikibuga cyindege - muri kiosque bigabanya kugabanya ubukana bwa konte mugihe cyurugendo rwo hejuru. Gariyamoshi na bisi zitwara abagenzi zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi urutonde rwabakozi rudashobora kwinjiza ku giciro cyagereranijwe. Mu bwikorezi byumwihariko, isaha yo hasi ntabwo ari ikibazo - itera kunanirwa kwa serivisi. Igenamigambi ryinshi kandi byihuse - kubungabunga igisubizo SLAs iri mubyangombwa bisobanurwa, ntabwo ikiganiro cyatekerejweho.
Ubuvuzi
Kwiyandikisha kwabarwayi byorohereza kugenzura - mubikorwa kandi bigabanya cyane imbere - umutwaro wubuyobozi. Abarwayi bemeza gahunda, kuvugurura amakuru yubwishingizi, kuzuza ibibazo byuzuye, no gutunganya co - mbere yo kugera kubakozi bo mumavuriro. Ibikorwa byo kwivuza bigomba kubahiriza HIPAA muri Amerika na GDPR muri EU - kugenzura niba byubahiriza itsinda ryanyu ryemewe n'amategeko mbere yo gutanga amasoko, atari nyuma. UwitekaAmabwiriza ya HHS HIPAAvuga uburyo amakuru y'abarwayi agomba gufatwa, koherezwa, no kubikwa.
Serivisi ishinzwe ibiryo no kwakira abashyitsi
QSR itumiza kiosque yongeye gusobanura uburambe bwibiryo - byihuse. Ubuso bwa kiosk nabwo bwikubye kabiri nkigikoresho cyubucuruzi - kugaragara hejuru ongeraho - ons, kuzamura, no kwiyandikisha kwizerwa mugihe cyo kugura byinshi. Kwakira abashyitsi, imbere - bypass byacitse byahindutse abashyitsi nyabo hagati - hagati no hejuru ya - amahoteri yisoko. Igishushanyo mbonera cya UX kirasobanutse: gahoro cyangwa kwitiranya ibintu byihariye kuri konte ihuze ya sasita ikora ubundi bwoko bwikibazo cyumurongo, ntibikuraho kimwe.
Guverinoma & Serivisi rusange
Ibiro by'imisoro, ibigo bitanga impushya, hamwe n’ibigo bishinzwe serivisi bya komini bifashisha - serivisi za serivisi kugirango bishyure amafaranga, gutanga impapuro, gahunda yo kubonana, no gutanga uruhushya. Ibikorwa bya leta bitwara ibikenewe cyane kugirango byuzuzwe. Muri Amerika,Ibipimo bya ADAgutegeka ibyuma byihariye nibikoresho bya software - uburebure bushobora guhinduka, kode ya tactile, ibisohoka amajwi, hamwe nubufasha bwabasomyi ba ecran. Kutubahiriza - kubahiriza amategeko; genzura ibisabwa bikenewe mbere yo kwerekana ibyuma, ntabwo nyuma yo gusinya itegeko ryo kugura.
Nigute ushobora gusuzuma no guhitamo wenyine - Terminal ya serivisi
Ibi nibyemezo bitandukanya ibyoherejwe neza nibihagarara cyangwa bitanga ibiciro bitunguranye.
Intambwe ya 1: Andika ibikorwa byakazi mbere yo kuvugana nabacuruzi
"Emera kwishura no kwishura inyemezabwishyu" ntabwo ari ibisobanuro. "Soma ikarita ya chip ya EMV, inzira irwanya irembo rya Stripe, andika 80mm yakira yumuriro, kandi ushimangire imeri". Ibisobanuro byakazi byakazi, biroroshye byoroshye gusuzuma ibicuruzwa bikwiye no gukumira ibicuruzwa bigenda byerekanwa nicyo urubuga rwumucuruzi ruba rukora neza.
Intambwe ya 2: Suzuma ibidukikije bifatika
Mu nzu cyangwa hanze? Kugenzura ikirere cyangwa ubushyuhe buhinduka? Kugenzurwa na lobby cyangwa umwanya rusange utagenzuwe? Izi ngingo zitwara ibyuma bisobanurwa muburyo bugira ingaruka zingirakamaro kubiciro byombi hamwe nigihe kirekire - kwizerwa. Ibicuruzwa byo mu nzu bisobanurwa ntibizarokoka ibidukikije byo hanze. Kubyoherejwe ahantu hagaragara cyangwa hejuru - ahantu nyabagendwa, subiramo gusenyuka kwabiramba hanze yo gukoraho ecran ya kiosquen'ibipimo byabo bidukikije.
Intambwe ya 3: Shushanya buri sisitemu yo kwishyira hamwe
Andika buri mugongo - sisitemu yanyuma itumanaho rikeneye guhuza: POS, ERP, urubuga rwo gutumaho, amarembo yo kwishyura, sisitemu yo kubara. Saba guhuza inyandiko kubacuruzi hakiri kare. Kwishyira hamwe kutamenyekanye ni isoko imwe isanzwe yo kohereza ibiciro birenze - ntabwo ari ibyuma, ntabwo byashizweho, ntabwo ari amahugurwa.
Intambwe ya 4: Suzuma urubuga rwo gucunga ibikoresho
Kubice bimwe, imiyoborere yintoki irashobora kwemerwa. Kubintu byose binini - byinshi - ahantu, byinshi - igice - ukeneye urubuga rushyigikira ivugururwa ryibintu bya kure, gukurikirana ubuzima, no kumenyesha amakosa. Umuyoboro wa terefone udafite urwego rwubuyobozi uhinduka imikorere idashobora gucungwa mumezi. Suzuma ibi nkibyingenzi ubwabyo. Kugirango ubone uburyo bwagutse bwo kwerekana ibyuma byerekana ibikoresho bishimangira sisitemu ,.kwerekana kioskicyiciro gikubiyemo ibisobanuro nyamukuru n'imiterere.
Intambwe ya 5: Kwemeza kubahiriza ibisabwa kububasha bwawe
ADA - ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge birimo intebe y’ibimuga - uburebure bwo kwishyiriraho bworoshye, kode ya tactile, ibisohoka mu majwi hamwe na jack ya terefone, hamwe n’ubusomyi bwa ecran. Kubura ibyo bisabwa bitera icyuho cyo kugerwaho no kwerekana amategeko. Ibikorwa bya leta nibyo bigenzurwa cyane, ariko ibikorwa byo kugurisha no kwivuza byujuje ibisabwa.
Intambwe ya 6: Kubara igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite, ntabwo igiciro cyibikoresho gusa
Terminal igaragara ihendutse mugihe cyo kugura akenshi itwara ibiciro byinshi bihoraho bihindura ubukungu bwoherejwe. Mbere yo gusinya, sobanukirwa: kugura ibyuma cyangwa amasezerano yo gukodesha; icyitegererezo cyo gutanga software (kuri - igikoresho, kuri - gucuruza, cyangwa kwiyandikisha); amafaranga yo kwishyiriraho no kwishyira hamwe; kubungabunga amasezerano yamasezerano nigihe cyo gusubiza SLA; ibiciro byo guhuza. Kubikorwa byo hanze byumwihariko, reba isesengura ryacuicyo bisaba mubyukuri gukora kiosk yo hanzehejuru yubuzima bwuzuye.
Ibibazo byo kubaza abacuruzi mbere yo kwiyemeza
- Ni ubuhe butumwa bwoguhuza kuri [sisitemu yihariye ya POS / ERP], kandi dushobora kubigerageza ahantu hateganijwe mbere yo kujya - kubaho?
- Nibihe bihe bya SLA byo gusubiza kubibazo byananiranye, kandi ninde ukuramo ibiciro byubwoko butandukanye bwo gutsindwa?
- Niki porogaramu yo gucunga ibikoresho byawe ishyigikira - ivugurura rya kure, kumenyesha ubuzima, gusesengura imikoreshereze?
- Nigute software yemewe, kandi bigenda bite kubiciro mugihe dupima kuva 5 kugeza 50?
- Nibihe byemezo byogushobora iki gice bitwara kububasha bwo kohereza?
- Urashobora gutanga ibyerekeranye noherejwe mubipimo bisa nubucuruzi bwubwoko bwacu?
Kunanirwa Gushyira mubikorwa
Kurera bike mugutangiza.Abakoresha batamenyereye kwifata - interineti ya serivise akenshi usanga badahuza imiyoboro yabakozi kubera akamenyero, ntabwo bakunda. Nziza UX, ibyapa byerekana neza, hamwe nabakozi baboneka kubuyobozi bwa mbere gukoresha buri gihe kuzamura igipimo cyo kurera. Ibyuma ntabwo bigurisha ubwabyo.
Kwishyira hamwe kunanirwa kohereza - byoherejwe.Terminal idashobora kuvugana neza na sisitemu ihari ikora imirimo yubwiyunge yintoki yangiza inyungu zunguka. Buri gihe wemeze kwishyira hamwe mubidukikije mbere yo kujya - kubaho. Iyi niyo ntambwe akenshi wasimbutse munsi yigitutu cyingengabihe, kandi irabarirwa mubibazo byinshi byoherejwe - byo gutangiza ibibazo twabonye murwego rwo hejuru - gucuruza no kwakira abashyitsi.
Gupfobya umutwaro wo kubungabunga.Terminal murwego rwo hejuru - ibidukikije byumuhanda birundanya kwambara cyane: kwangirika kwa ecran, printer ya jam, kunanirwa kwa peripheri, impanuka za software. Sobanukirwa neza nuburyo inkunga yo kubungabunga isa - inshuro zo gusubiza, inzira zo kuzamuka, ibice byabigenewe kuboneka - mbere yo gusinya.
Icyuho cyagerwaho.Terminal yagenewe abakoresha bisanzwe itera inzitizi kubakoresha bageze mu za bukuru, abakoresha bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa moteri, hamwe n’abakoresha bafite ubumenyi buke bwo gusoma. Mu nganda nyinshi zagenzuwe, igishushanyo mbonera ni uburyo bwiza kandi busabwa n'amategeko.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni bangahe wenyine - serivisi ya terefone igura?
Ibiciro byibyuma biratandukanye cyane kubwoko no kubisobanura. Kwinjira - urwego rwamakuru kiosque mubusanzwe itangirira mumadorari 2000- $ 5,000 ukurikije ibiciro byabacuruzi; byuzuye - bigaragaramo uburyo bwo kwishyura bufite ubushobozi bwa biometric bushobora kurenga $ 20.000 kuri buri gice. Uruhushya rwa software, umurimo wo kwishyira hamwe, kwishyiriraho, hamwe no gukomeza kubungabunga byongera cyane kubiciro byose bya nyirubwite. Iyi mibare ni isoko rusange - kubona amagambo yatanzwe kubacuruzi kubibazo byawe byihariye byo gukoresha, hamwe nibintu mugihe cyuzuye nyirubwite, ntabwo ari igiciro cyubuguzi gusa.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yimikorere ya - na serivisi yo kugurisha?
Imashini yo kugurisha nigikoresho cyumukanishi cyagenewe gutanga ibicuruzwa bifatika binyuze muburyo bwateganijwe. Kwikorera - serivisi ya terefone nuburyo bwuzuye bwimikorere ya sisitemu igizwe nuburyo butandukanye bwubucuruzi - kwishura, kugarura amakuru, kwinjiza amakuru, inyandiko zisohoka. Itandukaniro ryingenzi ni ibintu byoroshye: imashini igurisha ikora ikintu kimwe; itumanaho rishobora gushyirwaho kuri benshi, kandi iyo miterere irashobora guhinduka udasimbuye ibyuma.
Urashobora kwikorera - serivisi ya serivisi ishobora gukora idafite umurongo wa interineti?
Ibisobanuro bihamye byerekana na pre - ibikubiyemo birashobora gukora kumurongo. Imikorere myinshi yubucuruzi - gutunganya ubwishyu, nyabyo - igihe cyo gushakisha igihe, kwemeza ibyemezo, inyemezabwishyu ya imeri - bisaba guhuza umurongo. Niba ibikorwa bikomeza ari ubucuruzi - bikomeye, teganya guhuza ibikorwa bitagabanije kuva mugitangira, ntabwo ari retrofit.
Kohereza bisanzwe bifata igihe kingana iki?
Porogaramu imwe - yoherejwe ikoresheje off - software ya - software irashobora kujya ahagaragara muminsi mike. Multi - ibibanza byerekanwe hamwe na sisitemu yihariye igizwe mubisanzwe ikora ibyumweru bine kugeza kuri cumi na bibiri uhereye ku kimenyetso cyerekana - kugirango ugende - kubaho, ukurikije guhuza ibikorwa hamwe nigihe cyo gutanga amasoko. Impinduka ikunze kwagura iyi ngengabihe ni igerageza ryo guhuza - cyane cyane iyo uhuza umurage wa ERP cyangwa POS.
Ni izihe nganda zibona inyungu zikomeye ziva muri serivisi -?
Inyungu zikomeye zanditse zituruka mubidukikije bifite ubwinshi bwubucuruzi, ubwoko bwateganijwe buteganijwe, hamwe nimpinga ikomeye - igihe gikenewe: gucuruza, ibiryo byihuse, ibibuga byindege, amabanki, no kwandikisha ubuzima. Kubijyanye niche - ubucuruzi bwerekana, gukaraba imodoka, ibidukikije byishyurwa - kugaruka biterwa cyane ninshuro zubucuruzi. Reba ubuyobozi bwacuubucuruzi bwerekanwe kwerekana kiosk yerekananaimodoka yoza imodoka kioskkubohereza - isesengura ryihariye.
Intambwe Zikurikira
Kwikorera - serivisi za serivise ni nziza - ibikorwa remezo byashizweho, ntabwo ikoranabuhanga rishya. Isoko ryisi yose rikomeje kwiyongera gahoro gahoro, ryerekana uburyo bwakomeje gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa, amabanki, ubuvuzi, ubwikorezi, serivisi zokurya, hamwe na leta.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yoherezwa ritanga urubanza rwubucuruzi nubundi bitajya byamanuka mbere yambere - byoherejwe: ibikorwa byogukora neza, gusuzuma neza ibidukikije, isuzuma ryukuri ryibidukikije, neza - byashizwe hamwe nibisabwa, hamwe nigiciro nyacyo cyo kubara nyirubwite.
Niba uri murwego rwo gusuzuma, tangira hamwe nakazi ko gukora - ntabwo ari ikiganiro cyabacuruzi. Amashyirahamwe ashakisha ibyuma, ibyacukiosk ya digitale yerekana B2B yubuyobozi bukoranaprogaramu yo gukoraho ecran ya kioskgutwikira ibisobanuro, guhitamo ibintu, nicyo ugomba kureba mugihe usuzuma abatanga isoko. Urashobora kandi gukora ubushakashatsi bwuzuyeSerivisi yubwenge ya Android yerekana ibyerekanwaintera yo hagati - intera yoherejwe aho guhinduka no kugenzura ibiciro ari ngombwa.
Witeguye kuganira kubisabwa byihariye byoherezwa?Menyesha itsinda ryacucyangwatanga ipererezahamwe nimikoreshereze yawe y'urubanza.
